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Parameters of the EPM2022a Moon Ephemeris

Transactions of IAA RAS, issue 69, 8–17 (2024)

Keywords: laser location of the Moon (LLR), ephemeris of the Moon, a model of the orbital-rotational motion of the Moon

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Abstract

Since 1969, Lunar Laser Ranging (LLR) has been used to build and improve the lunar ephemeris. This work presents the results of processing laser observations to obtain newly refined parameters for the EPM2022a lunar ephemeris which is constructed and maintained by the Institute of Applied Astronomy of the Russian Academy of Sciences. In 2014, a new version of the EPM Ephemeris (including the Moon) started to be developed within the upgraded ERA-8 system. The new version of the lunar ephemeris implements a model of lunar orbital-rotational motion that is similar to the one used in DE430 (NASA JPL). In this model, the Moon is considered to be an elastic body with a rotating liquid core, and the rotation of the Moon around its center of mass in the celestial coordinate system is described by three Euler angles. Along with the necessary new geophysical and geodynamic parameters, this model replaced the one proposed by Krasinsky G. A. in ERA-7. In this paper, 31 589 LLR observations (normal points — n.p.) were used to obtain new parameters for the EPM2022a Lunar Ephemeris. Among them, 1 075 new LLL observations were added. About 100 parameters of the EPM2022a Lunar Ephemeris were improved and some of them compared with the same parameters of the INPOP21a and DE440 Ephemerides. Additionally, at the request of colleagues from the Astronomical Almanac Laboratory, a comparison was made between the EPM2021 and ERM2011 Ephemerides over a period of about 40 years, as well as with DE440 Ephemeris over the same interval. The comparison results show that the difference in distance to the Moon is from 0.2 m to 0.4 m (when comparing the DE440 Ephemeris with the EPM2021 Ephemeris) and about 1.0 m (when comparing the DE440 Ephemeris with EPM2011), which indicates the insignificance of discrepancies between the ephemeris and the possibility of using the EPM2011 Lunar Ephemeris (within the accuracy of the Astronomical Yearbook projects) over sufficiently long time intervals. However, for modern projects and practical work in space research, it is necessary to use the latest lunar ephemerides, EPM2021 and EPM2022a.

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M. A. Lebedeva, E. I. Yagudina. Parameters of the EPM2022a Moon Ephemeris // Transactions of IAA RAS. — 2024. — Issue 69. — P. 8–17.

@article{lebedeva2024,
  abstract = {Since 1969, Lunar Laser Ranging (LLR) has been used to build and improve the lunar ephemeris. This work presents the results of processing laser observations to obtain newly refined parameters for the EPM2022a lunar ephemeris which is constructed and maintained by the Institute of Applied Astronomy of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
In 2014, a new version of the EPM Ephemeris (including the Moon) started to be developed within the upgraded ERA-8 system. The new version of the lunar ephemeris implements a model of lunar orbital-rotational motion that is similar to the one used in DE430 (NASA JPL). In this model, the Moon is considered to be an elastic body with a rotating liquid core, and the rotation of the Moon around its center of mass in the celestial coordinate system is described by three Euler angles. Along with the necessary new geophysical and geodynamic parameters, this model replaced the one proposed by Krasinsky G. A. in ERA-7.
In this paper, 31 589 LLR observations (normal points — n.p.) were used to obtain new parameters for the EPM2022a Lunar Ephemeris. Among them, 1 075 new LLL observations were added. About 100 parameters of the EPM2022a Lunar Ephemeris were improved and some of them compared with the same parameters of the INPOP21a and DE440 Ephemerides. Additionally, at the request of colleagues from the Astronomical Almanac Laboratory, a comparison was made between the EPM2021 and ERM2011 Ephemerides over a period of about 40 years, as well as with DE440 Ephemeris over the same interval. The comparison results show that the difference in distance to the Moon is from 0.2 m to 0.4 m (when comparing the DE440 Ephemeris with the EPM2021 Ephemeris) and about 1.0 m (when comparing the DE440 Ephemeris with EPM2011), which indicates the insignificance of discrepancies between the ephemeris and the possibility of using the EPM2011 Lunar Ephemeris (within the accuracy of the Astronomical Yearbook projects) over sufficiently long time intervals. However, for modern projects and practical work in space research, it is necessary to use the latest lunar ephemerides, EPM2021 and EPM2022a.},
  author = {M.~A. Lebedeva and E.~I. Yagudina},
  doi = {10.32876/ApplAstron.69.8-17},
  issue = {69},
  journal = {Transactions of IAA RAS},
  keyword = {laser location of the Moon (LLR), ephemeris of the Moon, a model of the orbital-rotational motion of the Moon},
  pages = {8--17},
  title = {Parameters of the EPM2022a Moon Ephemeris},
  url = {http://iaaras.ru/en/library/paper/2183/},
  year = {2024}
}

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Parameters of the EPM2022a Moon Ephemeris
AU  - Lebedeva, M. A.
AU  - Yagudina, E. I.
PY  - 2024
T2  - Transactions of IAA RAS
IS  - 69
SP  - 8
AB  - Since 1969, Lunar Laser Ranging (LLR) has been used to build and
improve the lunar ephemeris. This work presents the results of
processing laser observations to obtain newly refined parameters for
the EPM2022a lunar ephemeris which is constructed and maintained by
the Institute of Applied Astronomy of the Russian Academy of
Sciences.  In 2014, a new version of the EPM Ephemeris (including the
Moon) started to be developed within the upgraded ERA-8 system. The
new version of the lunar ephemeris implements a model of lunar
orbital-rotational motion that is similar to the one used in DE430
(NASA JPL). In this model, the Moon is considered to be an elastic
body with a rotating liquid core, and the rotation of the Moon around
its center of mass in the celestial coordinate system is described by
three Euler angles. Along with the necessary new geophysical and
geodynamic parameters, this model replaced the one proposed by
Krasinsky G. A. in ERA-7.  In this paper, 31 589 LLR observations
(normal points — n.p.) were used to obtain new parameters for the
EPM2022a Lunar Ephemeris. Among them, 1 075 new LLL observations were
added. About 100 parameters of the EPM2022a Lunar Ephemeris were
improved and some of them compared with the same parameters of the
INPOP21a and DE440 Ephemerides. Additionally, at the request of
colleagues from the Astronomical Almanac Laboratory, a comparison was
made between the EPM2021 and ERM2011 Ephemerides over a period of
about 40 years, as well as with DE440 Ephemeris over the same
interval. The comparison results show that the difference in distance
to the Moon is from 0.2 m to 0.4 m (when comparing the DE440
Ephemeris with the EPM2021 Ephemeris) and about 1.0 m (when comparing
the DE440 Ephemeris with EPM2011), which indicates the insignificance
of discrepancies between the ephemeris and the possibility of using
the EPM2011 Lunar Ephemeris (within the accuracy of the Astronomical
Yearbook projects) over sufficiently long time intervals. However,
for modern projects and practical work in space research, it is
necessary to use the latest lunar ephemerides, EPM2021 and EPM2022a.
DO  - 10.32876/ApplAstron.69.8-17
UR  - http://iaaras.ru/en/library/paper/2183/
ER  -