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## Some Enhancement Methods of Phase Instability Compensation Accuracy when Transmitting Signals of Frequency and Time

Transactions of IAA RAS, issue 58, 36–40 (2021)

Keywords: phase delay compensation, phase drifts to the temperature, frequency instability, Allan deviation

### Abstract

In hydrogen frequency and time standards, the frequency instability of the output signals is expected on a daily measurement time interval of the order of $2·10^{−16}$. However, on the way to the consumer, these signals acquire additional phase disturbances. We have considered the ways described in the literature to reduce the introduced phase instability. We have described their limitations. The accuracy and speed of temperature control is limited by the size of the devices. The accuracy of compensation of phase instability is limited by the part of the transmission system falling inside the compensation loop. To overcome these limitations, we used a modem that we developed. We have added and tested a new algorithm for stabilizing the temperature of the measuring channels of the modem compensator. The modem interface developed by us allows an external isolating amplifier to be included in the compensation loop. We have presented a diagram of such a connection. In the conditions of heating and cooling with a span of 20℃ of the cases of the transmitting modem and an external amplifier located on the side of the receiving modem, we obtained frequency instability introduced by the transmission system with an external amplifier at a measurement time interval of 10,000 s less: – $3.4·10^{−16}$ when the external amplifier is turned on outside the compensation loop; – $3.2·10^{−17}$ when you turn on the external amplifier inside the compensation loop. At the same time, in the modem developed by us, the 1 PPS pulse signal is tied to the 100 MHz signal, therefore, the compensation for the instability of the 100 MHz signal frequency also makes it possible to maintain synchronization of the pulse signals between the input of the transmitting and the output of the receiving modem.

### Citation

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R. S. Kobyakov, R. N. Novozhilov, I. A. Pisarev, A. V. Zheglov, S.Yu. Medvedev. Some Enhancement Methods of Phase Instability Compensation Accuracy when Transmitting Signals of Frequency and Time // Transactions of IAA RAS. — 2021. — Issue 58. — P. 36–40. @article{kobyakov2021, abstract = {In hydrogen frequency and time standards, the frequency instability of the output signals is expected on a daily measurement time interval of the order of $2·10^{−16}$. However, on the way to the consumer, these signals acquire additional phase disturbances. We have considered the ways described in the literature to reduce the introduced phase instability. We have described their limitations. The accuracy and speed of temperature control is limited by the size of the devices. The accuracy of compensation of phase instability is limited by the part of the transmission system falling inside the compensation loop. To overcome these limitations, we used a modem that we developed. We have added and tested a new algorithm for stabilizing the temperature of the measuring channels of the modem compensator. The modem interface developed by us allows an external isolating amplifier to be included in the compensation loop. We have presented a diagram of such a connection. In the conditions of heating and cooling with a span of 20℃ of the cases of the transmitting modem and an external amplifier located on the side of the receiving modem, we obtained frequency instability introduced by the transmission system with an external amplifier at a measurement time interval of 10,000 s less: – $3.4·10^{−16}$ when the external amplifier is turned on outside the compensation loop; – $3.2·10^{−17}$ when you turn on the external amplifier inside the compensation loop. At the same time, in the modem developed by us, the 1 PPS pulse signal is tied to the 100 MHz signal, therefore, the compensation for the instability of the 100 MHz signal frequency also makes it possible to maintain synchronization of the pulse signals between the input of the transmitting and the output of the receiving modem.}, author = {R.~S. Kobyakov and R.~N. Novozhilov and I.~A. Pisarev and A.~V. Zheglov and S.~Yu. Medvedev}, doi = {10.32876/ApplAstron.58.36-40}, issue = {58}, journal = {Transactions of IAA RAS}, keyword = {phase delay compensation, phase drifts to the temperature, frequency instability, Allan deviation}, pages = {36--40}, title = {Some Enhancement Methods of Phase Instability Compensation Accuracy when Transmitting Signals of Frequency and Time}, url = {http://iaaras.ru/en/library/paper/2096/}, year = {2021} } TY - JOUR TI - Some Enhancement Methods of Phase Instability Compensation Accuracy when Transmitting Signals of Frequency and Time AU - Kobyakov, R. S. AU - Novozhilov, R. N. AU - Pisarev, I. A. AU - Zheglov, A. V. AU - Medvedev, S. Yu. PY - 2021 T2 - Transactions of IAA RAS IS - 58 SP - 36 AB - In hydrogen frequency and time standards, the frequency instability of the output signals is expected on a daily measurement time interval of the order of $2·10^{−16}$. However, on the way to the consumer, these signals acquire additional phase disturbances. We have considered the ways described in the literature to reduce the introduced phase instability. We have described their limitations. The accuracy and speed of temperature control is limited by the size of the devices. The accuracy of compensation of phase instability is limited by the part of the transmission system falling inside the compensation loop. To overcome these limitations, we used a modem that we developed. We have added and tested a new algorithm for stabilizing the temperature of the measuring channels of the modem compensator. The modem interface developed by us allows an external isolating amplifier to be included in the compensation loop. We have presented a diagram of such a connection. In the conditions of heating and cooling with a span of 20℃ of the cases of the transmitting modem and an external amplifier located on the side of the receiving modem, we obtained frequency instability introduced by the transmission system with an external amplifier at a measurement time interval of 10,000 s less: – $3.4·10^{−16}$ when the external amplifier is turned on outside the compensation loop; – $3.2·10^{−17}$ when you turn on the external amplifier inside the compensation loop. At the same time, in the modem developed by us, the 1 PPS pulse signal is tied to the 100 MHz signal, therefore, the compensation for the instability of the 100 MHz signal frequency also makes it possible to maintain synchronization of the pulse signals between the input of the transmitting and the output of the receiving modem. DO - 10.32876/ApplAstron.58.36-40 UR - http://iaaras.ru/en/library/paper/2096/ ER -